Franklin L. Duan's research while affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University and other places

... Thin film thermocouples (TFTC) on the other hand can be directly fabricated on to the surface of a turbine blade or NGV, greatly improving long term durability in comparison to conventional thermocouples. COMSOL simulations carried out by Duan et al. [38] show a ∼170 • C difference between conventional thermocouples and their thinfilm counterparts due to the distance between the thermocouple joint and the blade surface. The placement of a conventional thermocouple in its insulation filling adds an additional uncertainty of around 500 × 500 µm, which has a temperature difference from top to bottom of ∼300 • C. The uncertainty associated with the use of conventional thermocouples shows the motivation for the development of thin film equivalents. ...

... As one of the key components of airplanes and automotives, engines contain numerous rotating parts, including blades, bearing brackets, and shafts, which work in harsh environments, such as high rotational speeds and high temperatures [1][2][3][4][5]. Therefore, monitoring rotational speed and temperature parameters is vital for the safe and reliable operation of an engine. ...

... Zinc oxide is a wide-bandgap compound semiconductor material with excellent photoelectric properties [1][2][3]. As a new type of wide-bandgap semiconductor, ZnO has attracted increasing attention in recent years [4][5][6]. ...

... Duan et al. [74] have found that the electrically conductive nature of TBCs at elevated temperatures (above 600 • C) can be utilised as a form of smart sensor, by measuring a change in resistance with temperature. Experimental data shows good repeatability up to 950 • C, measurement error of less than 3%, fast response time (∼1s), and stability comparable to conventional thermocouples and TFTCs. ...

... The target-substrate spacing was about 70 mm. This high vacuum chamber and related Mg x Zn 1−x O film recipes were optimized in another our research article [24]. The vacuum chamber was pumped down to a base pressure of 3 × 10 -4 Pa for film deposition. ...

... A thermocouple can be embedded into the TBC on the surface of an NGV in this way and has been shown to perform well up to 450 • C [42]. The addition of Al 2 O 3 to YSZ(yttria-stabilized zirconia)-based TBCs improves their electrical insulation above 400 • C which allows TFTCs to be used effectively [43]. A summary of THTC systems is given by Satish et al. [44] along with the implementation of a K-type TFTC on an NGV deposited using an E-beam evaporation technique. ...

... With the advancements in artificial intelligence, development of intelligent propulsion systems is a widely studied research area. Duan et al. [10] proposed a smart and economical method for measuring the temperature of an aero-engine component using the thermal resistance on the turbine blade surfaces which has thermal barrier coating made up of YSZ material. It is used as a thermal sensor for intelligent monitoring the surface temperature. ...

... A summary of THTC systems is given by Satish et al. [44] along with the implementation of a K-type TFTC on an NGV deposited using an E-beam evaporation technique. Two methods of measuring temperature distribution on a TBC coating are given by Z. Ji et al. [45] whereby Pt soldering dots are placed along a PtRH thin film. Measurements are possible up to 1200 • C with this method. ...

... Recent years, thin film and bulk semiconductor thermocouples are widely investigated and applied in many advanced fields because of lack of vibration, energy efficiency, temperature range that has wide applications and high sensitivity value. 107,187,[190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197] So far, the cooling devices TE 107,198 have been examined and used in systems microclimate cooling that have been developed for military missions, medical devices, refrigerators powered by solar cells, interior air coolers and temperature controllers for microelectronic devices. 107 ...

... They are able to convert electrical energy into mechanical waves on the basis of the inverse piezoelectric effect. Basically, SAW devices are realized using an interdigital transducer (IDT) on a piezoelectric crystal substrate, such as quartz or lithium niobate (LiNbO 3 ) [2]. When excited by an AC voltage coming from an external voltage source or RF signal, the IDT provides, as a consequence of the inverse piezoelectric effect, the electric field necessary to displace the substrate and thus to form an acoustic wave on the piezoelectric crystal substrate. ...